Looking for some basic HSS info

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Looking for some basic HSS info Prometheus 12-21-2006
Posted by Prometheus on December 21, 2006, 7:30 am
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Hello all,

Just wondering if anyone has some basic information on M2 HSS
regarding forging, hardening, tempering, annealing, etc. Tried
googling it, but found the specs for everything *but* what I have.

I figure there almost has to be a info sheet on the material
*somewhere,* and I'd like to give it a quick once-over before starting
in on working it.

Posted by Ecnerwal on December 21, 2006, 5:00 pm
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> Hello all,
>
> Just wondering if anyone has some basic information on M2 HSS
> regarding forging, hardening, tempering, annealing, etc. Tried
> googling it, but found the specs for everything *but* what I have.
>
> I figure there almost has to be a info sheet on the material
> *somewhere,* and I'd like to give it a quick once-over before starting
> in on working it.

Well, heat-treating it is not (IMHO) a forge operation. Hope you have a
furnace, cause I think you're going to need one.

http://www.crucibleservice.com/datash/dsM2v2.pdf

--
Cats, coffee, chocolate...vices to live by

Posted by Trevor Jones on December 21, 2006, 5:07 pm
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Prometheus wrote:
> Hello all,
>
> Just wondering if anyone has some basic information on M2 HSS
> regarding forging, hardening, tempering, annealing, etc. Tried
> googling it, but found the specs for everything *but* what I have.
>
> I figure there almost has to be a info sheet on the material
> *somewhere,* and I'd like to give it a quick once-over before starting
> in on working it.

If it really is a HSS, and you are planning on using a forge of some
sort, forget about it. Not gonna happen without about 25 grand worth of
really accurate heat treating furnace.

The basic principle, as it was explained to me is that it is very
similar to heat treating aluminum, except at far higer temperatures, and
with less margin for error in the temperature ranges.
To anneal, you must hold it at a given temperature for extended
periods, to bring some of its constituent parts into solution, while to
harden it, you must precipitate the elements out of solution, usually
for very extended periods of time at accurately controlled temperatures
somewhat lower than those used to solution heat treat it.

You may wish to track down a copy of Tool Steels Simplified. It gets
mentioned a lot when HSS comes up over on rec.crafts.metalworking.

Cheers
Trevor Jones


Posted by on December 21, 2006, 6:53 pm
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Yeah what Trevor and the caffiened-up cat-guy said. ;)

Mostly so far they are thinking in terms of getting all that M2 has
to offer. If you'll settle for not getting anymore out of the HSS
than you could get from 1080 (or less sometimes?) then that's a
different story. Many are doing HSS that way and claiming they can
"forge it and heat treat it" etc but they aren't telling the whole
story just repeating the good sounding parts IMO. ;)

M2 HSS is a high alloy steel, in that sense it's like D2 or 440C
only more.

My personal example is, it's posible to get more from A2 than you
can get from O1 but "not me" because I don't have the equipment to
do that. I'm better off with O1, since I can get all O1 has to
offer and that's better than half-assed A2. :)

http://www.panix.com/~alvinj/graphA2vsO1.jpg

Did you know-ed that already? :)
A2 can kick O1's butt.
A2 is based on Cr and O1 is based on Mn is the main reason.

I got lots of books including two versions of Tool Steel Simplified,
you got any specific questions?

The problem with the books and mostly what I know about it too, is
limited to what industry wants to know and they want "all they can
get from it or nothing". TSS makes a big deal about switching
steels to get what you need rather than to leave a steel too soft
or too hard to make up for picking the wrong steel to start with.

Industry information not scrounger information. :/

There are guys out there "blacksmithing" the stuff, they would be
your best source of information, I'd guess.

Would be kind of interesting to know just how much they really are
able to "get out of M2" using modified blacksmithing techniques! :)

If you get some stuff figured out, get on here and tell us about
it. :)

I noticed your post before about getting a shitload of M2 HSS and
was wondering what you were going to do with it. :) Any of it thin
enough for knife making "as is"? If so, that could be sold on
rec.knives.

BTW, when the factory "does it" they do it good!... :)

http://www.panix.com/~alvinj/HSSknife.htm

Rake that knife through the hair on your arm in "mid hair" and it'll
leave a bunch of them laying on the blade. Factory heat treated M2
just sharpens up real nice like that, given the chance.

Alvin in AZ (not a blacksmith, steel metallurgy for a hobby)

Posted by Prometheus on December 22, 2006, 2:12 am
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On Thu, 21 Dec 2006 23:53:42 +0000 (UTC), alvinj@XX.com wrote:


>Mostly so far they are thinking in terms of getting all that M2 has
>to offer. If you'll settle for not getting anymore out of the HSS
>than you could get from 1080 (or less sometimes?) then that's a
>different story. Many are doing HSS that way and claiming they can
>"forge it and heat treat it" etc but they aren't telling the whole
>story just repeating the good sounding parts IMO. ;)

I'll settle, where appropriate- where I really need to get what I can
from it, I don't mind paying a heat-treating place to reharden and
temper it once I've got it banged into shape. The metal was free, so
I don't have any problems investing some money into getting it to
where it needs to be. Setting up a furnace just for that is probably
a little further than I'm willing to go, but if I can anneal it then
forge, or just heat it up and hot forge it, that's what I plan to do.

>My personal example is, it's posible to get more from A2 than you
>can get from O1 but "not me" because I don't have the equipment to
>do that. I'm better off with O1, since I can get all O1 has to
>offer and that's better than half-assed A2. :)
>
>http://www.panix.com/~alvinj/graphA2vsO1.jpg
>
>Did you know-ed that already? :)
>A2 can kick O1's butt.
>A2 is based on Cr and O1 is based on Mn is the main reason.

Nope, but I'll keep it in mind for future reference.

>I got lots of books including two versions of Tool Steel Simplified,
>you got any specific questions?

Yes! Here goes:

Can I take M2 that is triple-drawn and has been used in an industrial
setting for punching steel (assuming it work-hardens to some degree,)
stick it in a propane forge and hammer it to shape?

If I do the above, what do I need to watch for while doing so to avoid
cracking the material? Should I quench it, or let it slow cool? I'll
be heating the entire piece of metal, then working it using tongs- so
there should be no bands of dissimilar structure to leave weak points.

What is the melting point of M2? To be specific, is it going to be
possible for me to get some of it re-cast using a propane forge or
charcoal foundry? What I could find indicated that it may have a
slightly lower melting point than regular steel. Again, it can be
less than perfectly hardened in thses applications.

Assuming that I'm willing to get less than everything it has to offer,
is it realistic to try and anneal it in a gas forge, then machine it
with something like a manual knee mill? If so, any chance HSS cutters
will work, or will I need carbide or tungsten?

>The problem with the books and mostly what I know about it too, is
>limited to what industry wants to know and they want "all they can
>get from it or nothing". TSS makes a big deal about switching
>steels to get what you need rather than to leave a steel too soft
>or too hard to make up for picking the wrong steel to start with.

There's something to that- if I were buying it. But this was free-
and that's the best kind of material.

>Industry information not scrounger information. :/
>
>There are guys out there "blacksmithing" the stuff, they would be
>your best source of information, I'd guess.

Any leads on who these folks are so I can take a look at some websites
or pick their brains if possible?

>If you get some stuff figured out, get on here and tell us about
>it. :)

Will do.

>I noticed your post before about getting a shitload of M2 HSS and
>was wondering what you were going to do with it. :) Any of it thin
>enough for knife making "as is"? If so, that could be sold on
>rec.knives.

Not really, unless someone has the capacity to slit small tubing and
somehow open and flatten it without changing it's properties or
wrecking it.

>BTW, when the factory "does it" they do it good!... :)
>
>http://www.panix.com/~alvinj/HSSknife.htm
>
>Rake that knife through the hair on your arm in "mid hair" and it'll
>leave a bunch of them laying on the blade. Factory heat treated M2
>just sharpens up real nice like that, given the chance.

A good deal of it will get sharpened up just like that- a lot of the
punches are getting ground into cutterhead profiles and slid into pipe
to be used as turning chisels. It's the rest of the stuff I need to
figure out a good use for. That stuff won't necessarily be used for
cutting tools, just made into more useful shapes. If possible, I'd
like work it enough to replace some aluminum parts on Gingery style
tools with the stuff.

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